SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT
Th e social security system of the FRG remained in place following
unifi cation with the German Democratic Republic. However,
the GDR system continued to apply on an interim basis within the
former GDR territory. Th e two systems were merged eff ective 2
January 1992. Th e social insurance system provides for sickness
and maternity, workers’ compensation, disability, unemployment,
and old age; the program is fi nanced by compulsory employee and
employer contributions. Old age pensions begin at age 65 aft er fi ve
years of contribution. Worker’s medical coverage is comprehensive,
including dental care. Unemployment coverage includes all
workers, trainees, apprentices, and at-home workers in varying
degrees. Th e government funds a family allowance to parents with
one or more children.
Equal pay for equal work is mandated by law, but women continue
to earn less than men. Women continue to be underrepresented
in managerial positions. Sexual harassment of women in
the workplace is recognized and addressed. Although violence
against women exists, the law and government provides protection.
Victims of violence can receive police protection, legal help,
shelter and counseling. Children’s rights are strongly protected.
Freedom of religion is guaranteed by the Basic Law in Germany,
although there have been reports of some discrimination
against minority religions. Extremist right-wing groups continue
to commit violent acts against immigrants and Jews although
the government is committed to preventing such acts. Th e Basic
Law also provides for the freedom of association, assembly, and
expression.